HomeForecastsTrendsENSOReferences › References

References


Enfield, D. B., S. Cid, and Luis, 1991: Low-frequency changes in El Nino-Southern Oscillation, J. Climate, 4, 1137-1146.

Giese, B. S., S. C. Urizar, and N. S. Fuckar, 2002: Southern Hemisphere Origins of the 1976 Climate Shift, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29, doi:10.1029/2001GL013268.(1014).

Mendoza, B., R. Perez-Enriquez, and M. Alvarez, 1991: Analysis of solar activity conditions during periods of El Nino events, Ann. Geophysicae, 9, 50-54.

Power, S., M. Haylock, R. Colman, and X. D. Wang, 2006: The predictability of interdecadal changes in ENSO activity and ENSO teleconnections, J. Climate, 19, 4755-4771.

Rasmusson, E. M. and T. N. Carpenter, 1982: Variations in tropical sea surface temperature and surface wind fields associated with the Southern Oscillation/ El Nino, Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 354-384.

Trenberth, K. E. and D. P. Stepaniak, 2001: Indices of El Niño Evolution, J. Climate, 14, 1697-1701.

Wang, B., 1995: Interdecadal changes in El Niño onset in the last four decades, J. Climate, 8, 267.

Zhang, Y., J. M. Wallace, and D. S. Battisti, 1997: ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-93, J. Climate, 10, 1004-1020.